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# A developer friendly wrapper around Fractal
[](https://packagist.org/packages/spatie/fractalistic)
[](LICENSE.md)
[](https://scrutinizer-ci.com/g/spatie/fractalistic)
[](https://styleci.io/repos/76027929)
[](https://packagist.org/packages/spatie/fractalistic)
[Fractal](http://fractal.thephpleague.com/) is an amazing package to transform data before using it in an API. Unfortunately working with Fractal can be a bit verbose.
Using Fractal data can be transformed like this:
```php
use League\Fractal\Manager;
use League\Fractal\Resource\Collection;
$books = [
['id'=>1, 'title'=>'Hogfather', 'characters' => [...]],
['id'=>2, 'title'=>'Game Of Kill Everyone', 'characters' => [...]]
];
$manager = new Manager();
$resource = new Collection($books, new BookTransformer());
$manager->parseIncludes('characters');
$manager->createData($resource)->toArray();
```
This package makes that process a tad easier:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($books)
->transformWith(new BookTransformer())
->includeCharacters()
->toArray();
```
There's also a very short syntax available to quickly transform data:
```php
Fractal::create($books, new BookTransformer())->toArray();
```
If you want to use this package inside Laravel, it's recommend to use [laravel-fractal](https://github.com/spatie/laravel-fractal) instead. That package contains a few more whistles and bells specifically targetted at Laravel users.
Spatie is a webdesign agency based in Antwerp, Belgium. You'll find an overview of all
our open source projects [on our website](https://spatie.be/opensource).
## Support us
[<img src="https://github-ads.s3.eu-central-1.amazonaws.com/fractalistic.jpg?t=1" width="419px" />](https://spatie.be/github-ad-click/fractalistic)
We invest a lot of resources into creating [best in class open source packages](https://spatie.be/open-source). You can support us by [buying one of our paid products](https://spatie.be/open-source/support-us).
We highly appreciate you sending us a postcard from your hometown, mentioning which of our package(s) you are using. You'll find our address on [our contact page](https://spatie.be/about-us). We publish all received postcards on [our virtual postcard wall](https://spatie.be/open-source/postcards).
## Install
You can pull in the package via composer:
``` bash
composer require spatie/fractalistic
```
## Usage
In the following examples were going to use the following array as example input:
```php
$books = [['id'=>1, 'title'=>'Hogfather'], ['id'=>2, 'title'=>'Game Of Kill Everyone']];
```
But know that any structure that can be looped (for instance a collection) can be used.
Let's start with a simple transformation.
```php
Spatie\Fractalistic\Fractal::create()
->collection($books)
->transformWith(function($book) { return ['id' => $book['id']];})
->toArray();
```
This will return:
```php
['data' => [['id' => 1], ['id' => 2]]
```
In all following examples it's assumed that you imported the `Spatie\Fractalistic\Fractal` at the top of your php file.
Instead of using a closure you can also pass [a Transformer](http://fractal.thephpleague.com/transformers/):
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($books)
->transformWith(new BookTransformer())
->toArray();
```
You can also pass the classname of the Transformer:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($books)
->transformWith(BookTransformer::class)
->toArray();
```
To make your code a bit shorter you could also pass the transform closure, class, or classname as a
second parameter of the `collection`-method:
```php
Fractal::create()->collection($books, new BookTransformer())->toArray();
```
Want to get some sweet json output instead of an array? No problem!
```php
Fractal::create()->collection($books, new BookTransformer())->toJson();
```
A single item can also be transformed:
```php
Fractal::create()->item($books[0], new BookTransformer())->toArray();
```
## Using a serializer
Let's take a look again at the output of the first example:
```php
['data' => [['id' => 1], ['id' => 2]];
```
Notice that `data`-key? That's part of Fractal's default behaviour. Take a look at
[Fractals's documentation on serializers](http://fractal.thephpleague.com/serializers/) to find out why that happens.
If you want to use another serializer you can specify one with the `serializeWith`-method.
The `Spatie\Fractalistic\ArraySerializer` comes out of the box. It removes the `data` namespace for
both collections and items.
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($books)
->transformWith(function($book) { return ['id' => $book['id']];})
->serializeWith(new \Spatie\Fractalistic\ArraySerializer())
->toArray();
//returns [['id' => 1], ['id' => 2]]
```
You can also pass the serializer classname instead of an instantiation:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($books)
->transformWith(BookTransformer::class)
->serializeWith(MySerializer::class)
->toArray();
```
### Changing the default serializer
You can change the default serializer by providing the classname or an instantiation of your favorite serializer in
the config file.
## Using includes
Fractal provides support for [optionally including data](http://fractal.thephpleague.com/transformers/) on the relationships for
the data you're exporting. You can use Fractal's `parseIncludes` which accepts a string or an array:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, new TestTransformer())
->parseIncludes(['characters', 'publisher'])
->toArray();
```
To improve readablity you can also use a function named `include` followed by the name
of the include you want to... include:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, new TestTransformer())
->includeCharacters()
->includePublisher()
->toArray();
```
## Using excludes
Similar to includes Fractal also provides support for [optionally excluding data](http://fractal.thephpleague.com/transformers/) on the relationships for
the data you're exporting. You can use Fractal's `parseExcludes` which accepts a string or an array:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, new TestTransformer())
->parseExcludes(['characters', 'publisher'])
->toArray();
```
To improve readability you can also use a function named `exclude` followed by the name
of the include you want to... exclude:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, new TestTransformer())
->excludeCharacters()
->excludePublisher()
->toArray();
```
## Including meta data
Fractal has support for including meta data. You can use `addMeta` which accepts
one or more arrays:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, function($book) { return ['name' => $book['name']];})
->addMeta(['key1' => 'value1'], ['key2' => 'value2'])
->toArray();
```
This will return the following array:
```php
[
'data' => [
['title' => 'Hogfather'],
['title' => 'Game Of Kill Everyone'],
],
'meta' => [
['key1' => 'value1'],
['key2' => 'value2'],
]
];
```
## Using pagination
Fractal provides a Laravel-specific paginator, `IlluminatePaginatorAdapter`, which accepts an instance of Laravel's `LengthAwarePaginator`
and works with paginated Eloquent results. When using some serializers, such as the `JsonApiSerializer`, pagination data can be
automatically generated and included in the result set:
```php
$paginator = Book::paginate(5);
$books = $paginator->getCollection();
Fractal::create()
->collection($books, new TestTransformer())
->serializeWith(new JsonApiSerializer())
->paginateWith(new IlluminatePaginatorAdapter($paginator))
->toArray();
```
## Using a cursor
Fractal provides a simple cursor class, `League\Fractal\Pagination\Cursor`. You can use any other cursor class as long as it implements the `League\Fractal\Pagination\CursorInterface` interface. When using it, the cursor information will be automatically included in the result metadata:
```php
$books = $paginator->getCollection();
$currentCursor = 0;
$previousCursor = null;
$count = count($books);
$newCursor = $currentCursor + $count;
Fractal::create()
->collection($books, new TestTransformer())
->serializeWith(new JsonApiSerializer())
->withCursor(new Cursor($currentCursor, $previousCursor, $newCursor, $count))
->toArray();
```
## Setting a custom resource name
Certain serializers wrap the array output with a `data` element. The name of this element can be customized:
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, new TestTransformer())
->serializeWith(new ArraySerializer())
->withResourceName('books')
->toArray();
```
```php
Fractal::create()
->item($this->testBooks[0], new TestTransformer(), 'book')
->serializeWith(new ArraySerializer())
->toArray();
```
## Limit recursion
To increase or decrease the level of embedded includes you can use `limitRecursion`.
```php
Fractal::create()
->collection($this->testBooks, new TestTransformer())
->includesDataThatHasALotOfRecursion
->limitRecursion(5);
```
If you do not call `limitRecursion` a default value of 10 is used.
## Quickly transform data with the short function syntax
You can also pass arguments to the `fractal`-function itself. The first arguments should be the data you which to transform. The second one should be a transformer or a `closure` that will be used to transform the data. The third one should be a serializer.
Here are some examples
```php
Fractal::create($books, new BookTransformer())->toArray();
Fractal::create($books, new BookTransformer(), new ArraySerializer())->toArray();
Fractal::create($books, BookTransformer::class, ArraySerializer::class)->toArray();
Fractal::create(['item1', 'item2'], function ($item) {
return $item . '-transformed';
})->toArray();
```
## Changelog
Please see [CHANGELOG](CHANGELOG.md) for more information what has changed recently.
## Testing
``` bash
$ composer test
```
## Contributing
Please see [CONTRIBUTING](CONTRIBUTING.md) for details.
## Security
If you discover any security related issues, please email freek@spatie.be instead of using the issue tracker.
## Postcardware
You're free to use this package, but if it makes it to your production environment we highly appreciate you sending us a postcard from your hometown, mentioning which of our package(s) you are using.
Our address is: Spatie, Kruikstraat 22, 2018 Antwerp, Belgium.
We publish all received postcards [on our company website](https://spatie.be/en/opensource/postcards).
## Credits
- [Freek Van der Herten](https://twitter.com/freekmurze)
- [All contributors](../../contributors)
## License
The MIT License (MIT). Please see [License File](LICENSE.md) for more information.